La menopausa è un passaggio fisiologico nella vita di ogni donna: segna la conclusione della funzione riproduttiva e un cambiamento profondo nell’assetto ormonale. Anche se rappresenta un’evoluzione naturale, può accompagnarsi a una serie di trasformazioni – biologiche, emotive, fisiche – che meritano attenzione e cura. Informarsi e accompagnarsi con le giuste azioni in tutte le fasi — prima, durante e dopo — è fondamentale per mantenere benessere e qualità di vita.
Generalmente si manifesta tra i 45 e i 55 anni, ma può comparire anche in anticipo — si parla in questo caso di menopausa precoce se insorge tra i 40 e i 45 anni, o prematura se prima dei 40. La riduzione degli estrogeni e del progesterone può provocare sintomi e cambiamenti che variano da donna a donna. Tra i più frequenti:
Il calo degli estrogeni può influire anche sulla sfera intima: la secchezza vaginale, la riduzione del desiderio e la comparsa di disturbi pelvici sono frequenti, ma non devono essere considerati inevitabili. Un’adeguata informazione, il dialogo con il proprio ginecologo e la riabilitazione del pavimento pelvico aiutano a migliorare la funzionalità, la continenza e la qualità della vita sessuale.
Uno stile di vita sano contribuisce a ridurre i sintomi della menopausa e a prevenire complicanze come osteoporosi e disturbi cardiovascolari. Piccole abitudini quotidiane possono fare la differenza nel tempo:
latte, yogurt, verdure a foglia verde e pesce azzurro aiutano a proteggere la salute delle ossa.
favoriscono la funzionalità cardiovascolare e aiutano a mantenere la pelle elastica.
possono accentuare vampate e disturbi del sonno, sostituendoli con acqua e tisane.
un aumento superiore a 10 kg può sovraccaricare gli organi addominali e compromettere anche il benessere del pavimento pelvico.
migliora l’umore, sostiene la massa muscolare e contrasta il rallentamento del metabolismo.
una routine serale regolare e un ambiente silenzioso e buio favoriscono un sonno di qualità.
Quando i sintomi incidono sulla qualità di vita, lo specialista può proporre soluzioni terapeutiche personalizzate, ormonali o non ormonali, a seconda del quadro clinico.
La Terapia Ormonale Sostitutiva (TOS) può alleviare i disturbi tipici e ridurre il rischio di osteoporosi, ma va sempre valutata caso per caso, considerando età, condizioni di salute e possibili controindicazioni. In alternativa, possono essere consigliati fitoterapici, integratori o trattamenti locali a base di estrogeni vaginali per i disturbi più lievi.
Nel nostro Istituto è possibile intraprendere un percorso completo e multidisciplinare dedicato alla donna:
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